新型コロナウイルス感染再拡大と少子化の影響により、労働市場では人手不足が起きており、転職を考える人が増えている。失業手当についての解説では、基本手当や条件、計算方法、受給までの流れが紹介されている。条件として、離職前2年間に12か月以上被保険者として加入していることが必要であり、就職活動をしていることも条件とされている。給付金の算出方法や支給までの流れについても詳細が解説されている。給付金の曖昧さから基本的なことを確認し、失業期間を適切に活用することが望ましい。
Due to the effects of the resurgence of the novel coronavirus infection and the declining birth rate, there continues to be a labor shortage in the labor market. It is no exaggeration to say that we see commercials encouraging job changes on TV and the internet every day. In this day and age where changing jobs is the norm, many people are thinking about quitting their jobs.
For those who have already found their next job while still employed, the concern when preparing for job change post-resignation is about money. How much can you receive in unemployment benefits? This time, we will explain about unemployment benefits after resignation.
Table of Contents
What are the conditions for receiving unemployment benefits?
Calculation method of unemployment benefits
The process of receiving unemployment benefits
Generalizing
What are the conditions for receiving unemployment benefits?
Unemployment insurance benefits cover a wide range, with various types of benefits available. Generally, benefits are broadly divided into four categories: “job seeker benefits,” “employment promotion benefits,” “education and training benefits,” and “employment continuation benefits.” The so-called unemployment benefits refer to the “basic benefits” of job seeker benefits. Basic benefits are the most well-known and widely received benefits for people under 65 who have left their jobs.
Job seeker benefits include benefits such as high age job seeker benefits for those over 65 and benefits for day laborers and seasonal workers, but in this context, we refer to basic benefits as unemployment benefits. It is important to note that not everyone can receive unemployment benefits after quitting a job. There are specific conditions that must be met in order to receive benefits. Generally, it is required to have been insured for 12 months or more in the 2 years before leaving the job.
In the case of those who leave their jobs due to company bankruptcy, dismissal, or non-renewal of contracts, the insurance period requirement is relaxed to 6 months or more annually. For the insurance period, if wages are paid for at least 11 days every month, it is counted as 1 month. If the monthly working hours exceed 80 hours but are less than 11 days, it is also counted as 1 month. Anyone who is enrolled in employment insurance, whether full-time or part-time, can receive unemployment benefits as long as they meet the conditions.
However, in order to receive unemployment benefits, it is a condition that one is “ready for employment and actively seeking employment,” so those who already have a job lined up, have started a business, or are planning to focus on household duties are not eligible for benefits. It is important to note that failure to report these facts when applying for unemployment benefits may be considered fraudulent behavior.
Calculation method of unemployment benefits
Now, one of the main concerns when determining unemployment benefits is the amount of money one can receive. So, how are unemployment benefits calculated? The amount that can be received per day during unemployment is called the “basic daily allowance.” The basic benefit daily rate is generally calculated by dividing the total salary paid in the 6 months before leaving the job by 180 and multiplying it by a rate of 45-80%. Bonuses are not included in this salary.
The lower the salary, the higher the subsidy rate, with upper and lower limits for the subsidy amount set. The 45% subsidy rate applies only to those aged between 60 and under 65, so please note that the subsidy rate for those under 60 is between 50% and 80%. The actual total amount that can be received varies depending on the number of days the basic daily allowance is received.
When applying for job search procedures at Hello Work, the number of days of benefit varies based on age, insurance period, and reason for leaving the job, with the latter being particularly important. In simple terms, if you left your job due to company reasons, you may receive more benefits than if you left for personal reasons. Those who were forced to quit their jobs due to factors like company bankruptcy, dismissal, unpaid wages, or overwork typically fall under the category of “specific unemployed individuals.”
Those with special qualifications have a specified number of days of benefit based on age and insurance period, up to a maximum of 330 days. On the other hand, for those who resign due to personal reasons such as changing jobs, if the insurance period is over 20 years, the maximum benefit period is 150 days. Whether you qualify as a specific beneficiary depends on the reason for leaving the job, which will be determined by Hello Work.
The list of benefit dates can be found on Hello Work profiles or online resources for job seekers. If you are considering resigning, be sure to check these resources.
The process of receiving unemployment benefits
Next, let’s explain the actual process of receiving unemployment benefits. First, when going through the resignation process, inform the company that you want to receive a resignation certificate. If the company does not submit a notification of disqualification to Hello Work, you will not receive the certificate, so if you want to start job hunting immediately, it is best to communicate your desire to receive the certificate promptly. Once you have received the separation notice, gather the necessary documents and apply for job search at the Hello Work office.
After your eligibility has been determined, there is a 7-day waiting period. This waiting period must be a period of unemployment. After the waiting period, the payment of unemployment benefits begins, but if you resigned due to personal reasons or were dismissed with disciplinary action, the benefits may be limited for an additional 2-3 months. There are other points to pay attention to, so Hello Work holds explanation sessions for departing employees, which you should attend to clarify any doubts you may have.
Once the payment starts, Hello Work generally assigns an unemployment certification date every 4 weeks. On the certification date, your job search activities and employment status will be confirmed, ultimately leading to the recognition of unemployment and the payment of benefits. Being employed or not during the certification period refers to being employed and earning an income on any one of the days during that period. If you earn a certain amount of money from work on a particular day, that day will not be considered as unemployment, so be mindful of this.
Once you secure a job, unemployment benefits will no longer be paid from the day of employment. In such cases, if you have more than one-third of the prescribed benefit days remaining, you may be eligible for reemployment benefits. For details on when you can receive reemployment benefits, please inquire at Hello Work.
Generalizing
Unemployment benefits can be challenging to understand due to their complexity and the presence of many numbers. If you are considering a job change, it is advisable to check the basics daily. For departing employees, the next step is the unemployment period. By utilizing support such as unemployment benefits appropriately, you can find a job with peace of mind.
● Editor: Keiko Oda
Registered social insurance labor consultant. After graduating from university, she worked in the general affairs department of a food and beverage chain headquarters and the management department of a construction consulting company before establishing the Oda Social Insurance and Labor Office in 2022. Currently, she supports companies as a human resources consultant, while also providing consulting on pensions, life plans, conducting harassment training, and working as a social labor consultant to support workers. My hobby is appreciating art.
● Composition/ Kyoto Media Line